PANTOMATH

Posted: **Tue Jan 14, 2025 5:23 pm**

Software Architecture and Design Patterns

1. Software Architecture

Definition: The high-level structure of a software system, defining its components and their interactions.
Key Concepts:
- Architectural styles (e.g., Client-Server, Microservices, Event-Driven, Service-Oriented Architecture [SOA], Layered Architecture).
- Non-functional requirements: Scalability, Reliability, Security, and Maintainability.
- Middleware and APIs.

2. Common Software Architecture Patterns

Monolithic Architecture:
- Single, unified codebase.
- Suitable for small to medium-sized applications.
- Challenges: Difficult to scale and maintain as the system grows.
Microservices Architecture:
- Applications split into small, loosely coupled services.
- Independent deployment and scalability.
- Challenges: Network overhead, managing inter-service communication.
Event-Driven Architecture:
- Communication through events.
- Suitable for real-time systems and asynchronous processes.
- Examples: Kafka, RabbitMQ.

3. Design Patterns

Definition: Reusable solutions to common software design problems.
Types of Design Patterns:
- Creational Patterns:
  - Focus on object creation mechanisms.
  - Examples: Singleton, Factory Method, Abstract Factory, Builder, Prototype.
- Structural Patterns:
  - Deal with object composition.
  - Examples: Adapter, Bridge, Composite, Decorator, Facade, Proxy.
- Behavioral Patterns:
  - Focus on object interaction and communication.
  - Examples: Observer, Strategy, Command, State, Iterator, Mediator.

4. Principles of Good Design

5. UML Diagrams (Unified Modeling Language)

Used to represent system designs visually.
Examples: Use Case Diagrams, Class Diagrams, Sequence Diagrams, Activity Diagrams.

6. Key Tools for Architecture and Design