PANTOMATH

Posted: **Sat Jan 25, 2025 10:08 am**

Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology

This branch focuses on understanding human behavior in workplaces to improve productivity, employee satisfaction, and organizational efficiency. Here's an overview:

1. Motivation and Job Satisfaction

Theories of Motivation:
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Employees are motivated by a progression of needs (e.g., physiological, safety, belonging, self-actualization).
- Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory: Differentiates between hygiene factors (e.g., salary) and motivators (e.g., recognition).
- Self-Determination Theory: Emphasizes intrinsic (internal) and extrinsic (external) motivation.
Job Satisfaction:
- Influenced by workplace conditions, job roles, leadership, and interpersonal relationships.

2. Leadership and Organizational Behavior

Leadership styles:
- Autocratic: Centralized decision-making.
- Democratic: Collaborative decision-making.
- Transformational: Inspires and motivates employees toward shared goals.
Organizational behavior includes team dynamics, communication, and conflict resolution.

3. Workplace Stress and Burnout

Stressors: Role ambiguity, workload, poor management.
Consequences: Physical and mental health issues, decreased productivity, high turnover.
Coping strategies: Stress management programs, flexible work policies, and supportive leadership.

4. Recruitment and Selection

Employee Selection Tools:
- Personality tests (e.g., Big Five Inventory).
- Cognitive ability tests.
- Structured interviews and assessment centers.
Job Analysis: Identifying the skills, knowledge, and abilities required for a role.

5. Training and Development

Focuses on enhancing employees' skills and knowledge to align with organizational goals.
Includes:
- On-the-job training, workshops, and e-learning.
- Leadership development programs.