PANTOMATH

 Database Management Systems (DBMS):

Concepts and Applications What is a Database Management System

                          A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that helps store, retrieve, manage, and manipulate data in databases efficiently. It acts as an interface between users and the database, ensuring data consistency and security.


Key Components of DBMS:

• Data:
  • Raw facts stored in tables.
• Database Schema:
  • The structure or blueprint of a database, including tables, columns, and relationships.
• DBMS Software:
  • ​​​​​​​ Tools to manage the database (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).
• Query Language:
  • ​​​​​​​ Language to interact with the database, such as SQL (Structured Query Language).

Functions of a DBMS:

• Data Storage and Retrieval:
  • ​​​​​​​Stores data in tables and retrieves it using queries.
• Data Security:
  • ​​​​​​​ Prevents unauthorized access through authentication.
• Data Integrity:
  • ​​​​​​​ Ensures accuracy and consistency of data.
• Concurrency Control:
  • ​​​​​​​Allows multiple users to access data simultaneously without conflict.
• Backup and Recovery:
  • ​​​​​​​Maintains copies of data to prevent loss.

Advantages of DBMS:

• Data Redundancy Reduction:
  • ​​​​​​​ Avoids duplicate data by normalizing tables.
• Improved Data Sharing:
  • ​​​​​​​Multiple users can access the same data simultaneously.
• Enhanced Data Security:
  • ​​​​​​​Uses permissions and encryption for protection.
• Scalability:
  • ​​​​​​​Can handle large amounts of data and users.

Applications of DBMS in Real Life:

• Banking Systems:
  • Manages customer accounts, transactions, and loans securely.
• E-Commerce Platforms:
  • ​​​​​​​ Stores product details, customer information, and order history.
• Healthcare Systems:
  • ​​​​​​​Maintains patient records, test results, and prescriptions.
• Social Media:
  • ​​​​​​​ Manages user profiles, posts, and connections.
• Education:
  • ​​​​​​​Stores student records, grades, and course data.

​​​​​​​Example of SQL Query:
Types of DBMS:

• Relational DBMS (RDBMS):
  • Stores data in tables (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).
• NoSQL DBMS:
  • ​​​​​​​Handles unstructured data (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra).
• Hierarchical DBMS:
  • ​​​​​​​Organizes data in a tree-like structure.
• Network DBMS:
  • ​​​​​​​Uses graph structures with nodes and edges